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	Comments on: The Fault-Tolerant School	</title>
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	<description>less helpful</description>
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		<title>
		By: Mike Caulfield (@holden)		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-974800</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mike Caulfield (@holden)]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Jul 2013 15:36:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-974800</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I think you&#039;re assuming that my portfolio comment linked to the local issue I&#039;m having with my school system - and that I&#039;m arguing that portfolios could be a key piece of course/outcomes articulation between systems. 

That&#039;s not the point for me -- on that front I agree with others above: get the national curriculum in place. Simplest solution, and has a whole bunch of other benefits in terms of community and sharing. 

Where portfolios come into play in higher education (and perhaps high school) is student sense-making in a time of fractured &quot;un-bundled&quot; experience. We used to try to create coherent sequences of courses in multiple disciplines that were meant to mean something (we failed, but we tried). In a world where 50% of students that start at a university don&#039;t finish there this clean idea of a progression plus a capstone becomes quaint at best.

What inter-institutional portfolios would do would be to allow the student to reflect on their experience across a career. And I mean portfolios very broadly here. My favorite form of &quot;portfolio&quot; is a blog + storage. When I say &quot;portfolio-based assessment&quot; I&#039;m referring not to transfer credits, but students in a class pulling from work they&#039;ve done in multiple places besides the class showing how they meet that standard, or reflecting on how they&#039;ve progressed on dimension over a college career. My ideal portfolio system looks like UMWBlogs, just national -- a permanent place of student presence where they can make a narrative out of their experience, in much the same way my blog has helped me integrate the experience of four jobs I&#039;ve had since I started it. 

Does that make more sense? Or less? The best model I&#039;d argue is probably something like A Domain of One&#039;s Own: http://umwdomains.com/]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think you&#8217;re assuming that my portfolio comment linked to the local issue I&#8217;m having with my school system &#8211; and that I&#8217;m arguing that portfolios could be a key piece of course/outcomes articulation between systems. </p>
<p>That&#8217;s not the point for me &#8212; on that front I agree with others above: get the national curriculum in place. Simplest solution, and has a whole bunch of other benefits in terms of community and sharing. </p>
<p>Where portfolios come into play in higher education (and perhaps high school) is student sense-making in a time of fractured &#8220;un-bundled&#8221; experience. We used to try to create coherent sequences of courses in multiple disciplines that were meant to mean something (we failed, but we tried). In a world where 50% of students that start at a university don&#8217;t finish there this clean idea of a progression plus a capstone becomes quaint at best.</p>
<p>What inter-institutional portfolios would do would be to allow the student to reflect on their experience across a career. And I mean portfolios very broadly here. My favorite form of &#8220;portfolio&#8221; is a blog + storage. When I say &#8220;portfolio-based assessment&#8221; I&#8217;m referring not to transfer credits, but students in a class pulling from work they&#8217;ve done in multiple places besides the class showing how they meet that standard, or reflecting on how they&#8217;ve progressed on dimension over a college career. My ideal portfolio system looks like UMWBlogs, just national &#8212; a permanent place of student presence where they can make a narrative out of their experience, in much the same way my blog has helped me integrate the experience of four jobs I&#8217;ve had since I started it. </p>
<p>Does that make more sense? Or less? The best model I&#8217;d argue is probably something like A Domain of One&#8217;s Own: <a href="http://umwdomains.com/" rel="nofollow ugc">http://umwdomains.com/</a></p>
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		<title>
		By: Dan Meyer		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-971203</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dan Meyer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 13 Jul 2013 02:21:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-971203</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[&lt;strong&gt;Mike Caulfield&lt;/strong&gt;:

&lt;blockquote&gt;It does remind me that when I talk about the idea of a national student portfolio system supported by the government people look at me like I’m crazy, but somehow inBloom is normal.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Mebbe you&#039;re &lt;em&gt;both&lt;/em&gt; crazy?! I&#039;m pretty under-read on portfolio-based accountability systems but on their face it seems like parsing all the non-standard portfolios would require doubling the size of every admissions department in the nation. What am I missing here, Mike?]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Mike Caulfield</strong>:</p>
<blockquote><p>It does remind me that when I talk about the idea of a national student portfolio system supported by the government people look at me like I’m crazy, but somehow inBloom is normal.</p></blockquote>
<p>Mebbe you&#8217;re <em>both</em> crazy?! I&#8217;m pretty under-read on portfolio-based accountability systems but on their face it seems like parsing all the non-standard portfolios would require doubling the size of every admissions department in the nation. What am I missing here, Mike?</p>
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		<title>
		By: Summer School &#124; Hypothesis Revised		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-971052</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Summer School &#124; Hypothesis Revised]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Jul 2013 21:57:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-971052</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[[...] Meyer recently wrote an interestingÂ post about fault-tolerant schools, which is worth your time.Â  What policies would you suggest for your school or classroom to try to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[&#8230;] Meyer recently wrote an interestingÂ post about fault-tolerant schools, which is worth your time.Â  What policies would you suggest for your school or classroom to try to [&#8230;]</p>
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		<title>
		By: Mike Caulfield (@holden)		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-970947</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mike Caulfield (@holden)]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Jul 2013 18:50:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-970947</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[We just moved cross-country, dealing with major fault tolerance issues at the moment, ones that have really altered the track of my kids full careers -- and that&#039;s just based on differences on what grades indicate about competency level in the two school systems (Our old school was an early Common Core implementation where district test scores went up as in-class grades went down; my kids arrived at the new school with worse grades and better skills than most students -- guess which of those criteria was used for placement?)

One big struggle in higher education is we know meaningful experience is integrative, and we&#039;ve bought into the idea of meaningfully tying together courses over the course of a career to prevent the fracturing of student experience. At the same time, students are increasingly itinerant, with most students receiving at least some portion of their education somewhere else. I work at a branch university, for example, where most of our students come out of the community college system, and some will try to get upper credits by taking online classes from some other institution. Additionally, terms like &quot;3rd-year student&quot; are increasingly ridiculous in a world where normal student experience encompasses both a three-year push to degree and a six-year slog.

The attendance patterns push us towards stricter articulatable outcomes, the pedagogy pushes us somewhere else. I think broad adoption of portfolio based assessment, where portfolios transcend individual universities,  is a solution -- it pushes the student to see and reflect on the integration of different parts their student career while not requiring too-tight integration of programs.  

It does remind me that when I talk about the idea of a national student portfolio system supported by the government people look at me like I&#039;m crazy, but somehow inBloom is normal. Ugh.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We just moved cross-country, dealing with major fault tolerance issues at the moment, ones that have really altered the track of my kids full careers &#8212; and that&#8217;s just based on differences on what grades indicate about competency level in the two school systems (Our old school was an early Common Core implementation where district test scores went up as in-class grades went down; my kids arrived at the new school with worse grades and better skills than most students &#8212; guess which of those criteria was used for placement?)</p>
<p>One big struggle in higher education is we know meaningful experience is integrative, and we&#8217;ve bought into the idea of meaningfully tying together courses over the course of a career to prevent the fracturing of student experience. At the same time, students are increasingly itinerant, with most students receiving at least some portion of their education somewhere else. I work at a branch university, for example, where most of our students come out of the community college system, and some will try to get upper credits by taking online classes from some other institution. Additionally, terms like &#8220;3rd-year student&#8221; are increasingly ridiculous in a world where normal student experience encompasses both a three-year push to degree and a six-year slog.</p>
<p>The attendance patterns push us towards stricter articulatable outcomes, the pedagogy pushes us somewhere else. I think broad adoption of portfolio based assessment, where portfolios transcend individual universities,  is a solution &#8212; it pushes the student to see and reflect on the integration of different parts their student career while not requiring too-tight integration of programs.  </p>
<p>It does remind me that when I talk about the idea of a national student portfolio system supported by the government people look at me like I&#8217;m crazy, but somehow inBloom is normal. Ugh.</p>
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		<title>
		By: Brendan Murphy		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-966851</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Brendan Murphy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Jul 2013 14:57:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-966851</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I don&#039;t understand why everything has to always be predicated on the academic year. Why not quarters or or Quinters (is that what you would call 5 periods per year) Why not break it into 10 units per year. 

Dig into the Marzono bag and develop units that teach only 3-5 units. Make them problem based. Develop a few for each set of standards. Then allow students to sign up as they wish. 

Sure every month or two you are changing schedules, but isn&#039;t that better for the students anyway. 

If I fail a class or miss a week and have to retake I can actually take a different problem unit that teaches the same standards so I don&#039;t feel like I failed. Or maybe I just get a different teachers and that makes all the difference. In either case I don&#039;t move forward until I&#039;ve mastered the skills necessary. Almost a natural competency based education like Shawn Cornally I developing. 

If my Algebraic thinking isn&#039;t working I can slide sideways into geometry or something for a while. 

What ever the thoughts, let&#039;s stop limiting ourselves by sticking to the notion of academic years.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I don&#8217;t understand why everything has to always be predicated on the academic year. Why not quarters or or Quinters (is that what you would call 5 periods per year) Why not break it into 10 units per year. </p>
<p>Dig into the Marzono bag and develop units that teach only 3-5 units. Make them problem based. Develop a few for each set of standards. Then allow students to sign up as they wish. </p>
<p>Sure every month or two you are changing schedules, but isn&#8217;t that better for the students anyway. </p>
<p>If I fail a class or miss a week and have to retake I can actually take a different problem unit that teaches the same standards so I don&#8217;t feel like I failed. Or maybe I just get a different teachers and that makes all the difference. In either case I don&#8217;t move forward until I&#8217;ve mastered the skills necessary. Almost a natural competency based education like Shawn Cornally I developing. </p>
<p>If my Algebraic thinking isn&#8217;t working I can slide sideways into geometry or something for a while. </p>
<p>What ever the thoughts, let&#8217;s stop limiting ourselves by sticking to the notion of academic years.</p>
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		<title>
		By: Srebby		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-966737</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Srebby]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Jul 2013 12:38:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-966737</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[One of the problems is that there are students who change schools often.  There are many schools that require all sections of a particular math class to proceed in lock-step with each other, and there is only one starting time: the beginning of the academic year.

This brings to mind some questions.

Question #1: Does Algebra II class (for example) have to start in September and end in June?  Why not have a section that starts in January or March (and perhaps spans an academic year)?

Question #2: Can a year&#039;s curriculum be divided into independent modules, taught in different orders by different teachers?  Students who come into a school mid-year could have more entry points.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the problems is that there are students who change schools often.  There are many schools that require all sections of a particular math class to proceed in lock-step with each other, and there is only one starting time: the beginning of the academic year.</p>
<p>This brings to mind some questions.</p>
<p>Question #1: Does Algebra II class (for example) have to start in September and end in June?  Why not have a section that starts in January or March (and perhaps spans an academic year)?</p>
<p>Question #2: Can a year&#8217;s curriculum be divided into independent modules, taught in different orders by different teachers?  Students who come into a school mid-year could have more entry points.</p>
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		<title>
		By: Dan Meyer		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-966380</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dan Meyer]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Jul 2013 04:58:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-966380</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Many thanks for the thoughtful commentary here, team. I&#039;ve pushed several comments up to the main floor.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Many thanks for the thoughtful commentary here, team. I&#8217;ve pushed several comments up to the main floor.</p>
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		<title>
		By: Kmorrowleong		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-965174</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kmorrowleong]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Jul 2013 20:30:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-965174</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[What about a fault-tolerant curriculum? I hear so much talk of &quot;mastery by grade x&quot; that I&#039;m sure it can&#039;t all be possible. I saw a panel presentation by Les Steffe and his former grad students in Philadelphia which presented research which indicates that few children show evidence of being capable of achieving the mastery goals set by the Common Core for fractions in 5th grade. The CCSS may not be as broad as others before it, but it is ambitious and far less cyclical and spiraling, in a Bruner sense. Have a bad year in 7th grade because you were ill or your parents divorced?  Or maybe your brain was not ready to think multiplicatively until 9th grade.  Sorry.  Algebra may never make sense to you. 
A fault-tolerant school is still a local phenomenon- what if the whole system, like an airplane or a fleet of commercial planes were fault-tolerant?  Less ambitious and more tolerant?]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What about a fault-tolerant curriculum? I hear so much talk of &#8220;mastery by grade x&#8221; that I&#8217;m sure it can&#8217;t all be possible. I saw a panel presentation by Les Steffe and his former grad students in Philadelphia which presented research which indicates that few children show evidence of being capable of achieving the mastery goals set by the Common Core for fractions in 5th grade. The CCSS may not be as broad as others before it, but it is ambitious and far less cyclical and spiraling, in a Bruner sense. Have a bad year in 7th grade because you were ill or your parents divorced?  Or maybe your brain was not ready to think multiplicatively until 9th grade.  Sorry.  Algebra may never make sense to you.<br />
A fault-tolerant school is still a local phenomenon- what if the whole system, like an airplane or a fleet of commercial planes were fault-tolerant?  Less ambitious and more tolerant?</p>
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		<title>
		By: Charles Snyder		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-965086</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Charles Snyder]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Jul 2013 18:06:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-965086</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I&#039;m glad you&#039;ve brought this issue to the online community you&#039;ve created because I think its too often ignored or overlooked. I agree with Wendy about the importance of viewing the &#039;schools&#039; serving the highest needs populations as comprehensive community centers.  Regardless of how well kids factor quadratic equations, they are all smart.  If they grow up in a high needs area, they see a system failing them on many different levels.  Kids &#039;get&#039; this long before they can articulate it, and it makes it tough to buy in to that system unless the school works hard to address those obvious needs.  As a profession, we need to become more comfortable talking about white norms, culture of power and accepting criticism on *how* we deliver our content (we are very self-reflective on what we deliver).  
I really appreciate Campell&#039;s Law and what he said social psychology has taught us about how people respond to fear (a short blip in activity followed by a long period of denial) from the presentation.  It makes me think that we might improve our test scores in high needs areas by reminding ourselves that socialization and good health are prerequisites for academic achievement.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m glad you&#8217;ve brought this issue to the online community you&#8217;ve created because I think its too often ignored or overlooked. I agree with Wendy about the importance of viewing the &#8216;schools&#8217; serving the highest needs populations as comprehensive community centers.  Regardless of how well kids factor quadratic equations, they are all smart.  If they grow up in a high needs area, they see a system failing them on many different levels.  Kids &#8216;get&#8217; this long before they can articulate it, and it makes it tough to buy in to that system unless the school works hard to address those obvious needs.  As a profession, we need to become more comfortable talking about white norms, culture of power and accepting criticism on *how* we deliver our content (we are very self-reflective on what we deliver).<br />
I really appreciate Campell&#8217;s Law and what he said social psychology has taught us about how people respond to fear (a short blip in activity followed by a long period of denial) from the presentation.  It makes me think that we might improve our test scores in high needs areas by reminding ourselves that socialization and good health are prerequisites for academic achievement.</p>
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		<title>
		By: Wendy Menard		</title>
		<link>/2013/the-fault-tolerant-school/#comment-964988</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Wendy Menard]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Jul 2013 15:56:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=17201#comment-964988</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[[This comment is probably more political than what you were looking for.]
Although I have a lot of problems with Geoffrey Canada (especially some his math!), the Harlem Children&#039;s Zone is a model for addressing the needs of high-poverty students. The issue is never as simple as determining the right pathway through mathematics, or to provide remediation and support to bring a student up to grade level - ask anyone who has taught in a high-need school (Example:  the student who is habitually late/absent/falling asleep in class because they are babysitting their younger siblings/cousins/neighbors because the adults in the house work at night, or the student who is absent because her baby is sick).   I am not absolving schools of the responsibility of finding ways to keep these students on track, but the task is almost Sisyphian in many cases.   In areas where poverty is the rule, a school needs to be a community center, providing health-care related services, afterschool opportunities, and family programming; many students need this range of services in order to stay in school.   Academic support beyond the school day could be made available in this type of setting as well, providing the tutoring that struggling students from more affluent families may receive privately.    We can talk about engagement, perseverance, and productive struggle all day long, but truthfully, there is a HUGE block of students for which these issues are completely secondary to surviving their circumstances.   Rather than tolerating the faults, we need to address them societally.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[This comment is probably more political than what you were looking for.]<br />
Although I have a lot of problems with Geoffrey Canada (especially some his math!), the Harlem Children&#8217;s Zone is a model for addressing the needs of high-poverty students. The issue is never as simple as determining the right pathway through mathematics, or to provide remediation and support to bring a student up to grade level &#8211; ask anyone who has taught in a high-need school (Example:  the student who is habitually late/absent/falling asleep in class because they are babysitting their younger siblings/cousins/neighbors because the adults in the house work at night, or the student who is absent because her baby is sick).   I am not absolving schools of the responsibility of finding ways to keep these students on track, but the task is almost Sisyphian in many cases.   In areas where poverty is the rule, a school needs to be a community center, providing health-care related services, afterschool opportunities, and family programming; many students need this range of services in order to stay in school.   Academic support beyond the school day could be made available in this type of setting as well, providing the tutoring that struggling students from more affluent families may receive privately.    We can talk about engagement, perseverance, and productive struggle all day long, but truthfully, there is a HUGE block of students for which these issues are completely secondary to surviving their circumstances.   Rather than tolerating the faults, we need to address them societally.</p>
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